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中国盐碱地资源丰富，但土壤盐碱化导致耕地面积减少、粮食产量降低。水稻是全球重要粮食作物之一，对盐胁迫较为敏感，因此研究水稻盐胁迫机理，并据此培育耐盐水稻品种，对保障国家粮食安全和农业可持续发展具有重要的意义。本文系统综述了水稻盐胁迫响应的多维度分子机制，包括转录因子调控、耐盐离子调控、渗透调节、抗氧化机制及激素调节5个方面。在此基础上，总结了当前研究热点与组学技术驱动下的分子设计育种方向，旨在为耐盐基因资源开发与盐渍化农田可持续利用提供参考，同时为耐盐水稻新品种创制及盐碱地综合利用提供依据。
Abstract：China is rich in saline-alkali land resources, while soil salinization has led to decreases in cultivated land area and food output. Rice is an important food crop in the world. Since rice is sensitive to salt stress, it is of great significance to study the mechanisms of rice responses to salt stress and breed salt-tolerant rice varieties to ensure food security and promote sustainable agricultural development. This paper systematically reviewed the multi-dimensional molecular mechanisms of rice responses to salt stress, including transcription factor regulation, salt-tolerant ion regulation, osmotic regulation, antioxidant mechanism, and phytohormone regulation. On this basis, this paper summarized the current research hotspots and molecular design breeding directions driven by omics technology, aiming to provide reference for the development of salt-tolerant gene resources and the sustainable utilization of salinized farmland and lay a foundation for the creation of new salt-tolerant rice varieties and the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16267/j.cnki.1005-3956.20250414.070
中图分类号:S511
引用信息:
[1]杨定炯,刘宇,牟保辉,等.水稻响应盐胁迫的分子机制研究进展[J].杂交水稻().DOI:10.16267/j.cnki.1005-3956.20250414.070.
基金信息:
湖南省十大技术攻关项目(2024NK1010); 岳麓山实验室项目(2024RC2043)
2026-08-24
2026-08-24
2026-08-24