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氮素是水稻生长发育和产量形成的关键营养元素,过量施用氮肥既造成资源浪费,还引发系列环境问题。因此,提高水稻氮素利用效率(NUE)已成为当前稻作系统绿色高产栽培的重要研究方向。已有研究表明,根际微生物可通过调节土壤氮循环过程、优化根际环境、促进根系发育及激活水稻氮吸收相关基因表达等方式,提高水稻NUE。本文系统综述了水稻氮素的吸收与转运、同化与代谢的生理机制,归纳了根际微生物群落的组成、功能及其调控水稻NUE的多路径机制,提出了“微生物-根系-氮素”协同调控的基本框架。结合当前研究进展,本文还探讨合成菌群构建、多组学整合分析、长期定位试验等未来研究方向,以期为水稻氮素高效利用的基础研究与应用实践提供参考与依据。
Abstract:Nitrogen is a key nutrient element for the growth,development,and yield formation of rice.Excessive nitrogen fertilizer application not only wastes resources but also causes a series of environmental problems.Therefore,improving the nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) of rice has become an important research direction for green and highyield cultivation in current rice cropping systems.Studies have shown that rhizosphere microorganisms can enhance the N UE of rice through multiple pathways,including regulating soil nitrogen cycling processes,optimizing the rhizosphere environment,promoting root development,and activating the expression of nitrogen uptake-related genes of rice.This paper systematically reviewed the physiological mechanisms underlying nitrogen uptake,translocation,assimilation,and metabolism of rice,and summarized the composition and functions of rhizosphere microbial communities as well as the multi-pathway mechanisms by which they regulated the NUE of rice.A basic framework of the coordinated regulation of "microorganism-root-nitrogen" was proposed.In addition,on the basis of current research progress,this paper discussed future research directions,including the construction of synthetic microbial consortia,multi-omics integration analysis,and long-term positioning tests,aiming to provide a reference and basis for basic research and application practice of high-efficiency nitrogen use of rice.
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基本信息:
DOI:10.16267/j.cnki.1005-3956.20250902.172
中图分类号:S511
引用信息:
[1]严语,吕欣平,张男,等.水稻氮素高效利用与根际微生物群落关系研究进展[J].杂交水稻().DOI:10.16267/j.cnki.1005-3956.20250902.172.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(32572443,32272197,32071944); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
2026-09-08
2026-09-08
2026-09-08